Excavator.



No. 822,935. PATBNTBD JAUNE 12, 1906. l TL G. FAIRBANKS 2 G. L. SAUBR.

" BXCAVATOR,

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 6, 1905.

(sa Attorneys EXGAVATOR. APPLIOATION FILED Nov.s.19o5.

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,Jalf"'^f`"`-A:::u l s', P .i iycjgr f e No. 822,935. PATBNTED JUNE l2, 1906. J. G. FAIRBANKS L G. L. SAUER. EXCAVATOR. ,APPLICATION FILED Now/26,1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3, l\ N f @i3 ff O U3 'S5 a En Jamez'gs Witnesses L? Inventor@ r by l r I J Attorneys JAMES G. FAIRBANKS AND GEORGE L.

SAUER, OF MARION, OHIO.

EXCAVATOR.

Specification of Letters -latent.

Patented June 12, 1906.

Application iiled November 6,1905. Serial No. 286,081.

To a/ZZ whom, `Yit may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES G. FAIRBANKS and GEORGE L. SAUER, States, residing at Marion, in the county of Marion and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Excavator, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to excavators and dredging-machines, and is primarily designed to overcome certain existing disadvantages in dredging and excavating machines of the dipper type now in general use. In this connection it 1s proposed to mount upon a turn-table all of the machinery necessary Jfor the various operations of dredging or excavating and to so distribute the machinery as to balance the turn-table in all positions thereof. A further object is to dis ense with guys or braces between the derric and the support upon which the turn-table is mounted, whereby the turn-table is not limited in its rotation and the range of operation of the dipper is materially increased.

ther objects and advantages will appear in the subjoined description; and the invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts, as will be hereinafter more fully described, shown in the accompanying drawings, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that c anges in the -form, proportion, size, and minor details may be made within the scope of the Aclaims without departing from t e spirit or sacricing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of an excavator embodying the features of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view looking at the end of the support with the turn-table turned to a position at substantially right angles to that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail fragmentary view showing the arrangement of the thrusting-cable for the dipper-arm. Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view with the derrickframe broken away. p

Like characters of reference designate corresponding parts in all of the figures of the drawings. i The operating parts of the present invention are mounted up on any suitable support such as a car, a pontoon, or other character of float-as the present apparatus is capable citizens of the Unitedv of b eing used for dredging as well as or excavatmg purposes.

In the accompanying drawings the suport 1 is in the nature of a pontoon or float avmg a turn-table 2 mounted upon one end portion thereof and a steam-boiler furnace 3 ocated at the opposite end of the float, so as to balance the sarne. The float is of course designed to be anchored in any common or preferred manner-for instance, by means of spuds, one of which has been indicated at 4. The dipper 5 is hinged in any appropriate manner to the lower end of the dipperarm 6 and the latter works between the sides ,of a suitable derriclr-rame, each side including upwardl -converged beams or bars 7 and 8, rising from the turn-table and. K

rojecting beyond the oisting-cable 9 has one end secured block 10, carried by the dipper, it leads upwardly and around carried by the` upper ortion of the derrick,

and thence downward y around the sheathof toa outer edge thereof. Arv

from which e nulle/r11...

the block, thence upwardly around another pulley 12, carried by the derrick, and thence downwardly and rearwardly to a hoistingdrum 13, mounted upon the top of the turn-I table adjacent the rear end thereof.

Upon the turn-table there is a suitable engine 14, Whichis coupled to the drum 13 in any approved manner, and in rear of the drum there is a ballast-box 15,designed to countery balance the weight of the derrick and the dipper. The engine is provided with apair of sluin gears 16 and 16', which drive an upright stub-shaft ,17 piercing the turn-table and provided upon its lower end with a piinion 18, meshing with a circular rack 19,1ixe upon the support 1 concentricall with res ect to the axis of the turn-table, w ereby'the atter may be conveniently rotated to bring the dipper into any desired osition. The sluing gears are slidable upon t e drive-shaft and are connected by a sleeve a, therebeing a suitable con- 4 trolling-lever b connected to the sleeve for shifting the latter endwise to simultaneously move the sluing gears respectively into an out of engagement with the stub-shaft 1:7, whereby the turn-table may be rotated 1n either direction. Steam is conveyed from the steam-boiler through a suitable pipe 20 to the engine,and this supply-pipe communicates with the device 21 for conveying steam and exhaust, which device forms the subJect IOC of United States Patent No.7 55 644, issued to us March 29, 1904. The exhaust from the engine is carried bya pipe 22 through the device 21 and into the stack of the steamboiler furnace. The device 21 is of course located at the axis of the turn-table, so as to permit of the unrestricted rotation of the latter. Upon the top of the circular rack 19 there is a track 23, concentric with the axis of the turn-table and upon which travel rollers 24, carried by the bottom of the turn-table.

For the support of the dipper and its arm there is a cable 25, which has its intermediate portionv wound around a drum 26, mounted upon the member 8 of the derrick. One portion of the cable 25 extends from the drum 26 andl around a pulley 27, carried'by the bar 7 of the --derrick, and thence downwardly and connected to the back of the dipper-arm adjacent the lower end thereof, as at 28. The other portion of the cable 25 leads from the drum 26 around a pulley 29, mounted upon the other derrick member 7 and in a reverse direction to the winding of the cable upon the pulley 27. From the pulley 29 `the cable leads upwardly and is connected to the top of the dipper-arm, as at 30. As best shown in Fig. 3, it will be seen that the dipper-arm includes two spaced bars or beams, so as to accommodate the hoisting-cable 9, which passes between the members of the dipper-arm. A suitable brake 31 engages the drum 26 and is connected in any suitable manner with a treadle 32, mounted upon the turn-table in position for access by the engineer. When the brake is on, the dipper-arm is held against endwise movement, and when it is desired to move the arm endwise, the brake is released by manipulating the treadle so as to release the drum 26, and thereby permit ofthe holding-cable 25 running around the drum and the pulleys 27 and 29 to enable the necessaxy endwise movement of the dipper-arm. t will of course be understood that the dipperarm is mounted to slide endwise through a guide 33, which is mounted to swing around the common axis of the pulleys 27 and 29, whereby there is no interference with the swinging movement of the dipper-arm by the holding-cable 25.

For backing the dipper there is a cable 34, connected to the back of the lower portion of the dipper-arm and running rearwardly between the guide-pulleys 35, carried by the lower beams 8 of the derrick, said cable running rearwardly to a backing-gear 36, which is driven by the engine. A suitable trip-cable 37 extends between the backing-cable 34 and the bottom of the dipper to open the latter for'dumping the dipper.

A suitable shed or canopy 38- is supported by and' above theturn-table for the protection of the engineer', and within this shedis mounted' avlever 39, connected to the throttle 40 of the engine by a suitable connecting-rod 41. Controlling-levers 42, 43, and 44 are mounted upon the turn-table beneath the shed in convenient reach of the engineer for controlling the hoisting-drum 13, the sluing gear 16, and the backing-drum 36.

From the foregoing description it will be noted that With the exception of the steamboiler furnace all of the necessary machinery is mounted upon the turn-table and there are no guys or braces between the derrick and the support 1,wherefore the turn-table is free to make a complete rotation, which materiall increases the effective range of operation of t e'dipper. Moreover, the several parts of the apparatus are so disposed upon the turn-table as to eifectually balance the same, and the float or support is balanced by having the turn-table with the excavating machinery at one end of the support and the steamboiler furnace at the opposite end thereof.

It will here be explained that the drum 26 is positively driven from the shaft of the hoisting-drum 13 in some approved manner-for instance, by-means of a sprocket-chain 45, engaging a sprocket 46 upon the shaft of the hoisting-drum and' also engaging a sprocket 47 upon the shaft of the drum 26, there being a suitable reversin -clutch 46 for the sprocket 47 and controllergil by a lever 49 for convenience in throwing the drum 26 into and out of operation.

In practice the hoistin -cable 9 and the hoisting-drum 13 are emp oyed to swing the dip er-arm outwardly around the axis of the pul eys 27 and 29 as a center when the drum 26 is held against rotation by the brake 31. The drum 26 and the cable 25 are employed to elevate the dipper-arm from the position shown in Fig. 1 to draw the arm rearwardly from the position shown in Fig. 2 and thrust the dipper-arm forwardly from any retracted position when the brake is released from the drum 26 andv the cable thereby freed to permit endwise movement of the dipper-arm. In other words, when the brake 31 is applied to the drum 26 the clutch 48 is drawn out of engagement with the drum, whereby the latter is held against rotation and the dipperarm is hold against endwise movement and is permitted to swing around the journals of the pulleys 27 and 29 as a center. By releasing the brake 31 'and throwing the clutch 48 into operation the drum 26 may be driven in one direction to thrust the dipper-armforwardly, or the drum may be driven in the other direction for the urpose of withdrawing'the dipper-arm. ith the dipper-arm in the position shown in Fig. 2 or in an other extended position it may be drawn ack towardthe support upon the journals of the pulleys 27 and 29 as a center by manipulation of the backing-cable 34 and'backing-drum 36. Each of these several operations may be controlled by the respective levers and the treadle 32, mounted upon the turn-table, while the rota- IOO IIO

'bles wound in opposite directionsaroun the thrusting-drum and connected to opposite end portions of the dipper-arm.

2. In an excavator, the combination with a derrick, of a swinging and endwise-movable dipper-arm, a hoisting-drum, a cable between the drum and the dipper-arm, a thrustingdrum, cables extending in opposite directions from the thrusting-drum and connected to opposite end portions of the dipper-arm, an engine coupled to the hoistingrum, a drive connection between the hoisting-drum and the thrusting-drum, and a clutch for controlling the drive connection of the thrustingdrum.

3. In an excavator, the combination with a derrick, of a dipper having a dipper-arm,

hoisting means for the dipper, a drum independent of the dipper-arm, pulleys carried by the derrick, a cable wound around the drum with its end portions extending therefrom and passing in opposite directions around the respective pulleys, one end of the cable being connected to the lower end portion of the dipper-arm and the other end of the cable being connected to the upper end ortion of the dipper-arm, and a brake for t e drum.

4. In an excavator, the combination with 4o a derrick, of a pair of pulleys mounted in transverse alinement thereon, a guide journaled in alinement withthe axes'of the pulleys, gwnnmngmmmmgh the gui e an capable of swinging therewith,

a ruin, a cable wound upon the drum with 45 its end portions extending therefrom and passing in olpposite directions around the respective u leys with the ends of the cable connecte to opposite end portions of the dipper-arm, and a brake for the drum.

5. In an excavator, the combination with a derrick, of a dip er and its arm, dip erhoisting means inc uding an engine, pul eys upon the derrick, a drum, cables extending from opposite sides of the drum and running in opposite directions around the respective pulleys, one cable being connected to one end -of the dipper-arm and the other cable connected to the other end of said arm, a brake for the drum, and driving mechanism between the engine and the drum and including a reversing-clutch.

6. In an excavator, the combination with a derrick, of a dipper and its arm, pulleys upon the derrick, a drum, cables extending from opposite sides of the drum and running in opposite directions around the respective pulleys, one cable being connected to one end of the dip er-arm and the other cable connected to the other end of the arm, an engine, and a drive connection between the engine and the drum including a reversing-clutch.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own we have hereto afiixed our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

JAMES G. FAIRBANKS. GEO. L.- SAUER. Witnesses :l

W. LINDER, C. W. FAIRBANKS. 

